What does "biometric authentication" involve?

Biometric authentication involves utilizing unique physical characteristics of an individual to verify their identity. This method relies on traits such as fingerprints, facial recognition, retina scans, or voice patterns, which are inherently distinct to each person. Because these physical attributes are difficult to duplicate or share, biometric authentication provides a higher level of security compared to traditional methods like passwords or PINs.

In contrast, other options focus on simpler verification methods. For example, verifying using passwords relies on knowledge-based security, which can be more easily compromised. Similarly, requiring a personal identification number (PIN) is another form of knowledge-based security and does not use unique physical traits. Tracking biometric data for reporting purposes does not align with the core function of authentication, which is to confirm identity rather than merely collect data. Thus, the use of unique physical characteristics makes biometric authentication both secure and reliable.